'Which Contribute to Low Health Expectancy in Developed Countries\r'

'Outline the elements which contribute to scurvy wellness involveancy in developed countries. Identify and prize possible tooth roots to shrivel up this caper. wellness expectancy is â€Å"the human action of years a person can expect to live in good wellness”. (New Zealand Ministry of accessible Development, 2010). It reflects concern about the quality of life. Further more(prenominal), low wellness expectancy means that spate live in poor wellness which is regarded by diseases and disability. some factors contribute to low health expectancy, including pot and obesity.Society should apply more attention to solve these enigmas to increase health expectancy. This turn up give outline the factors which address to low health expectancy, and accordingly discuss the possible solvings to reduce the problem. First of all, it is obviously smoking is a factor leading to low health expectancy which is rattling common in developed countries. To begin with, smoking prevalence in European countries is 32% which is an super high number (WHO, 2012). In addition, at that place ar some diseases caused by smoking is a long-familiar fact, such as lung disease and stroke.However, people aren’t aware that how serious it is the smoking problem affect to people’s health. In fact, WHO (2008, p. 14) points out â€Å" bear baccy plant plant in any form causes up to 90% of all lung cancers,” and a dozen distinct kinds of cancer and chronic disease are caused by smoking. To sum up briefly, smoking has a very(prenominal) serious impact on people’s health and life in developed countries. Then, this problem could be solved by reducing smoking prevalence and improving people’s sensation of the risk of exposure of smoking.The solutions will focus on third founts which are psyche, tobacco industry and the presidency. Firstly, the solution for individual is quit smoking. Quit smoking is the direct effectual way for smokers to increase health expectancy. According to WHO (2012), there are three-quarters of smokers want to quit smoking. However it is clear that the number who quit smoking successfully is farthest below this data, the primary(prenominal) reason for the failure is smokers are addicted to nicotine. The nicotine in tobacco is not only causing a variety of diseases but to a fault leading a highly addictive (Hammond, 2009. . Secondly, the solution for the tobacco industry, they could do the appropriate measures such as add health warnings on tobacco packages, health warnings on tobacco packages increase smokers’ sentiency of their risk (WHO, 2008, p. 34). further unfortunately, the tobacco industry would not be willing to do it unless the policy requires them to do so. However, the pertinent policies in many developed countries are lacking. So if the national laws and regulations force the tobacco industry to do it then the solution would be more effective.Thirdly, the solutions for government, the government should ban on tobacco announce and advertize tobacco taxes. WHO (2008, p. 37) states that if the government ban on tobacco advertising that the tobacco sales will have up to 16% decrease. In addition, increase tobacco taxes could raise the worth of tobacco. According to WHO (2008, p. 39) that â€Å"increasing the price of tobacco through higher(prenominal) taxes is the single close to effective way to decrease consumption and come along tobacco users to quit”. In conclusion, the smoking problem will be solved by colligation efforts of the whole community.Apart from that, another important factor which decreases people’s health expectancy is obesity. WHO (2012) states that obesity will become a major factor lead to lower health expectancy in the later parts of this century. Moreover, in developed countries obesity is a very severe problem that affects over 20% of adults on average (OECD, 2011). Furthermore, according to WH O (2012), obesity is the of import reason which causes cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and several types of cancer. That means sonorous people are expected to have a low health expectancy.To solve the problem of obesity, the solution could be considered from three aspects. The first aspect is at the individual level, people should reduce the energy brainchild from total fats and train regular physical practise to prevent overweight, because obesity is caused by high-energy nutriment intake and lack of physical activity (WHO, 2012). But obviously, this need people have a untouchable self-control, also diet and excessive exercise may be able to cause the other health problems. The second aspect is about the feed industry, the main source of the high-energy food is processed food.Therefore the food industry should reduce the content fat, sugar and table salt in processed food, and try their best to leave fresh food, such as fruit, vegetables and nuts. However, the more s anguine food will bring about higher prices, and then people will spend more money to improve the quality of their food. The third aspect is about the government and social organizations. The Government has a responsibility to help people to improve awareness of the prevention of obesity and to build more common exercise facilities. In terms of social organization, they should succor with the Government to implement the policy about obesity.For example, the advertising industry should increase the number of public suffice advertising about to improve people’s awareness of the risk of obesity? However, this will take a long time and a bundle of money. To conclude, healthy expectancy is the indicator of the quality of life. This essay has discussed that health expectancy is reduced by disconfirming factors including smoking and obesity. So it is necessary to analyse these factors, lay and assess the solutions from the aspects of individual, organization and the government to solve the problem, and then to improve peoples health expectancy and the quality of peoples lives.References Hammond, S. K. (2009). world(prenominal) Patterns of Nicotine and Tobacco Consumption. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag New Zealand Ministry of Social Development. (2010). Health expectancy. Retrieved October 17, 2012 From: http://socialreport. msd. govt. nz/health/health-expectancy. html OECD. (2012). Obesity update 2012. Retrieved October 17, 2012. From the OECD website: http://www. oecd. org/els/healthpoliciesanddata/49716427. pdf WHO. (2012). Facts and figures. Retrieved October 17, 2012. From: http://www. euro. ho. int/en/what-we-do/health-topics/disease-prevention/tobacco/facts-and-figures. WHO. (2012). Obesity. Retrieved October 21, 2012. From: http://www. euro. who. int/en/what-we-do/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases/obesity WHO. (2012). Obesity and overweight. Retrieved October 21, 2012 From the World Health Organization: http://www. who. int/mediacentre/ factsheets/fs311/en/ WHO. (2008). WHO Report on the world-wide Tobacco Epidemic, 2008: The MPOWER package. [Electronic version]. Geneva: World Health organization.\r\n'