Overview of Excess Reactant in Chemistry

The excess reactant is the reactant in a chemical reaction with a greater amount than necessary to react completely with the limiting reactant. It is the reactant(s) that remain after a chemical reaction has reached equilibrium. How to Identify the Excess Reactant The excess reactant may be found using the balanced chemical equation for a reaction, which gives the mole ratio between reactants. For example, if the balanced equation for a reaction is: 2 AgI Na2S → Ag2S 2 NaI You can see from the balanced equation there is a 2:1 mole ratio between silver iodide and sodium sulfide. If you start a reaction with 1 mole of each substance, then silver iodide is the limiting reactant and sodium sulfide is the excess reactant. If you are given the mass of reactants, first convert them to moles and then compare their values to the mole ratio to identify the limiting and excess reactant. Note, if there are more than two reactants, one will be a limiting reactant and the others will be excess reactants. Solubility and Excess Reactant In an ideal world, you could simply use the reaction to identify the limiting and excess reactant. However, in the real world, solubility comes into play. If the reaction involves one or more reactants with low solubility in a solvent, theres a good chance this will affect the identities of the excess reactants. Technically, youll want to write the reaction and base the equation on the projected amount of dissolved reactant. Another consideration is an equilibrium where both the forward and backward reactions occur.

Seven Mistakes in Suicide Investigations Essays - 2678 Words

When a death occurs suddenly, unexpectedly and from unnatural or unknown causes, a forensic scientist has the duty to gather and analyze evidence to determine whether the victim died from a previously undiagnosed disease or infection or from a homicide, suicide or accident (Lurigio, 2009). When considering suicide as the probable cause of death, we are looking at the act of intentionally killing oneself through one’s own effort or with the assistance of another (Sever, 2009). The resolution of the manner of death by a forensic pathologist as suicide is based on a series of factors which eliminate natural causes of death, homicide and accident (Geberth, 2013, p.55). The cause of death is also determined by the medical examiner in†¦show more content†¦Should the case have legal implications relating to the cause of death, a forensic expert may be called upon to provide testimony in criminal and civil cases. Part of the expert witness testimony maybe by a forensic anthro pologist who could delineate the length of the postmortem interval of when the human remains were discovered or determine cause and manner of death. Therefore, it is essential that the medicolegal death investigation follows established and approved procedures, so that the evidence will be admissible in court. Geberth (2013) says one mistake is assuming the case is a suicide based on the initial report or the presentation in the body recovery scene (p.55). Investigators must be careful not to enter any investigation with a predetermined bias as to what the outcome of the cause of death determination might be. Coupled with this is the mistake of assuming â€Å"The Suicide Position† at the body recovery scene (Geberth, 2013, p.55). This position means the investigators take an abbreviated route when doing the investigation and by doing so do not do a thorough investigation as they would in a homicide. Law enforcement officers should investigate every death with the same thoroughness and intensity that they would use in a homicide investigation and let the facts alone determine the final outcome. As with any death investigation, protecting the integrity of scene of death and the evidence is extremely important, hence that there is noShow MoreRelatedWhat Are The Policies And Procedu res For The Protection Of Vulnerable Adults From Abuse772 Words   |  4 Pageswithin two working days of the alert. Stage five is the strategy meeting, this is to discuss if an investigation is needed, it must be held within seven days of the alert. Stage six is the investigation stage, this must be completed as soon as possible and should be within the timescale agreed in the strategy meeting. Stage seven is the final strategy meeting, this is to agree on actions from the investigation report. 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Music Concerto in the Classical Era free essay sample

Give an account of the contribution of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to the understanding of the Classical concerto, making specific reference to a variety of his musical compositions in this genre. Concerto by definition Is usually a musical work In which one solo instrument is accompanied by the orchestra, or as stated In The Grove Online Dictionary An instrumental work that maintains contrast between an orchestral ensemble and a smaller group or a solo instrument or among various groups of an undivided orchestra.There are three kinds of orchestral concertos written in the sass orchestral concerto, concert concerto and solo concerto. The concerto Solo is dated back to the Baroque Era along with the concerto Crosscheck In contrast consisted of a small group of instruments with the rest of the orchestra. The word concerto comes from Italian decent concentrate which can mean to contend, dispute but also it has contrary meaning of to agree but the meaning has not been constant. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Concerto in the Classical Era or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are many famous composers of concerti including Vivaldi, Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Chopin, Schumann, List, Brahms and Tchaikovsky. There have also been many concertos scored for a wide variety of Instruments, violin, cello, clarinet, harpsichord, trumpet, trombone, oboe and many more. The most important instrument in the history of the 18th and 19th;century concerto was the piano. More concertos were published for the piano than for any other instrument. The concerto originated from the concerto gross of the Baroque Era. The concerto gross Is where a small group of players combined, contrasted or alternated with the larger orchestral group these were In several movements.The most celebrated early concerti gross are those by Cornell and those by Handel and. J. S. Bachs Brandenburg Concertos Nose. , 4, 5, and 6 are traditional concerti gross. Although the concerto was involved In many eras I would like to concentrate on the concerto, In the classical Era. The Classical era Is dated from 1 730 to 1820. The Classical era seen the rise of homophony (music with distinct melody and accompaniment) which required the growth of new melodic forms and polyphonic texture was no longer In focus.The Classical concerto is a very extreme piece for the soloists, representing musical life lived at the edge, as Instruments and the musicians who play them are pushed to the very limit of what is possible by imposers, exploring the extremes of the instrument. A concerto is exciting in ways that no other instrumental music can match. A symphony excites us with themes that are contrasted, varied, transformed and developed while a concerto adds the extra dimension of human drama. The Spotlight is always on the soloist.The Audience waits for the soloist to begin and when she (he) stops playing they wait for him/her to begin again with little thought for what the orchestra is doing in the meantime. In this respect the concerto has a similar effect from to the operatic aria or solo reference In a musical. The concerto was Invented long before the Symphony and some might say that elements have often invaded the Symphony; it was the most 1 OFF The Classical concerto follows a three movement sequence of fast-slow-fast. The first movement is generally in routinely which is reminiscent of sonata form in that the first subject always returns. The idea of Routinely still remained in the classical period. The development of the opening Tahiti was by the soloist and orchestra; this idea came from the earlier concerto and still remained although there were some preferences: the opening tutu was much longer, and the tension caused between the soloist and the orchestra was made much stronger. The soloist plays an introductory phrase, but then the soloist is silent until the opening routinely has been repeated. The routinely is usually scored in the tonic key. Next the soloist enters and attracts the audiences attention.Sometimes the orchestra and the soloist play together but the main idea is that the orchestra accompanies and supports the soloist. The soloist plays their own version of the theme and this leads to the second subject. The themes are then developed and recapitulated. Like sonata form the recap returns the themes to the tonic. The recap has the soloist and the orchestra playing together, in the opening they were separated. Three quarters way through the recap the orchestra builds up to a huge climax and pauses on the second inversion of the tonic triad.This pause is called a Fermata and this then gives the signal to the soloist for the cadenza to begin. A cadenza is where the soloist shows off his/her ability as a musician, they would play amazing scale like passages and broken chords. The second movement of the classical concerto can be in a few different forms like: ternary, aria, rondo or modified sonata from (where there is the same structure but it is not as expansive in its themes). The tempo is usually andante, lorgnette, or allegretto. The final movement of a classical concerto is generally in sonata-rondo or rondo form.Themes are very energetic and lively and usually consist of maybe a few cadenzas so as the soloist can show off their talents. Usually a balance is kept between the musical interest of the orchestra and the solo parts. A lot of composers had great influence on the concerto but one of the greatest composers who most prominently influenced the concerto in the classical era was Mozart. It is said that the most important late 18th-century concertos are those of Mozart. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on 27 January 1756 and died 5 December 1791. Mozart significant contributions to the development of the concerto include novelties of piano figuration and texture, also a new conception of the relationship between soloist and orchestra. Developments in figuration can be seen in his earliest LOL concertos: kick marks a break from kill 75 by including a greater variety of left- hand textures, while a noticeable increase in difficulty is apparent in the concertos the performer sweat.One of Mozart great talents was his simultaneous use of the full range of the Keyboard and the ways in which he divided his material between the hands for example this is evident in his kick and kick pieces. The most significant development, however, is Mozart orchestral writing; the orchestra does not merely accompany, but also takes part in dialogue, sometimes as a group or sometimes individually. Then Mozart expanded this trend even further in later concertos from 1784 onwards-the symphonic characters of the concertos from kick are amazing.This is a lso evident in kick, 488 and 491. Coalman in 1799 wrote that The best specimens of good modern concertos for the Piano-Forte are those by Mozart, in which every part of the accompaniments is interesting, without obscuring the principal part. Mozart keyboard works dominated concerto performance and publication in Vienna from 1785 to about 1810. These examples above show Mozart simultaneous use of the full range of the Keyboard using both hands. K. 88: New Theme in the Development (m. 43) It is followed in measure 149 by a beautifully ornamented version of this theme in the solo piano. The original notes of the theme are marked with an x in the following example to facilitate comparison with the preceding example. This embellished statement adds one measure to the original version. K. 488: Piano variation of the new theme (m. 149) Following So having studied and considered the concerto in the classical era, I think it is safe to say that the concerto most definitely had the biggest influence on classical music and composers of the classical period.

Crisis Miscommunication and Media Persecution †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Crisis Miscommunication and Media Persecution. Answer: Introduction: The SMRT Group is a popular supplier of the public transports at Singapore including the rail, bus and taxi services. The group has accumulated professionals to manage the multimodal networks of transportation. The following case delves into the service operations and quality managements. It demonstrates the causes by investigating various aspects. The report analyzes the exact challenges taking place. It has investigated the causes using the Five-Why techniques and Fishbone Diagram. Lastly, the corrective actions that are to be taken assuring that the recognized issue never takes place are discussed here. The focus of the investigation is on the two massive disruptions of service that took place on 15th and 17th December 2011. Though the rail line faced the disruptions existing for two decades, the first time this mishap took place created a huge effect. This affected the commuters broadly around Singapore. Defining the exact problem: The two above days highly impacted the SMRT trains. On the first date, the four trains along the five-hour breakdown and NorthSouth Line affected numerous commuters who have been returning to the homes (Lim and Mack 2017). About four thousand commuters got stuck in the stalled train with no ventilation and power. On the second day, another vital mishap occurred at the same line. This caused high inconvenience to the people heading to their office in the first hours of the day. In this, the engineers of SMRT checked the status of the substations at PNT (Pioneer) and Joo Koon (JKN). It was found that a little burning traces at the primary breaker contacts is the normal happening due to the tripping. The data loggers indicated a spike that gave the engineers higher reason to continue the investigation. It was found that the power trip has been because of the shortage of the trackside or train equipment to the run the rail (Chang, Ho and Skelton 2014). At the same time, various little burning marks were found on the cable on the compressor of the air conditioning in a car of the train. Thus the preliminary assessment displayed some visible evidence. The power could only get restored after eradicating the trains affected by the central power system (Wan et al. 2015). Further, the data loggers indicated a situation of overload from the different track-sides. Lastly, the burning traces have been found over the air con compressor of the train affected. Despite all this, the burn marks have been regarded mild (Pang and David 2017). This never indicated the vast present surge that might result in the power trip happening on the second date. The different preliminary examinations from the initial hours after the incident have not unrevealed much. However, future investigations are still needed for establishing the causes. The above Fishbone diagram is helpful to the brainstorm the sessions that took place at Joo Koon MRT station. As all the possible reasons for the issue are identified, the facilitator would be to help the group in rating the potential reasons as per as the hierarchy of the diagram and level of importance. While using the team approach to solving the problem, there have been various opinions to address the cause of the problem. To capture the various ideas and then stimulate the brainstorming of the team on the causes this cause and effect are essential. This also helps in visually displaying the different potential reasons for a particular problem or impact. This has been especially useful in the group setting. This also includes the cases where small quantitative data are available for analysis. The diagram is also an ancillary benefit. Since the people by nature have been like to achieve the right for determining what must be done about the problem (Chen 2013). Further, this has been helping to bring out more detailed exploration of the challenges beyond the issue. This has been leading to a much robust result. The 5 Whys method illustrated above is just intended to seek answers to different queries. The questions are meant to get past every symptom of the issue and get down to the cause. The process is helpful during the analyzing and planning phase of the process. The method is used in the assimilation of the other analysis tools like the cause and effect diagram. However, it could be used as the standalone tool also. It is mainly effective while the reactions come from people who have the hand-on experiences of the methods being analyzed. Through repeating the Whys one can drive the fundamental reason for this problem (Tan 2015). The five queries could be further used to hold the meetings quickly after resolving the problems faced by the organizations. The issues could be anything like the site outrages, developing mistakes and marketing the program failures and the internal missed schedules. The time as any unexpected occurs, the cause is needed to be analyzed. Determining the corrective actions to be undertaken for assuring that the problem never happens again: First of all the panel of inquiry stated that this mishap could have been restricted as the employees made sense of the weight of the case and then dealt with the spill of oil promptly, aggressively and sufficiently. Through following the findings, the station master is also needed to inspect the tracks of platforms for the oils (Pang 2013). They must also implement the safety measurements in the event of the spill of oil. Further, the train operator could go for the plans for purchasing the latest locomotives for replacing the current lines regarding the truck maintenance. This is because the locomotives have never in a probe to the similar kind of hydraulic leakage. Further, there are needs to be considered for dealing with a general issue under the tunnels like water (Hua and Ong 2017). In various cases, the water gets within the tunnels. It has been pumping below the tracks and is meant to kick in for evacuating the deluge. Thus as per as the preliminary findings, the malfunctioning of the pumps are to be checked. It is to be determined is they work so efficiently why they need to cope up with the deluge (Lim 2014). Since the pumps have been situated under the trucks and difficult to service, they should be very must robust and maintenance free. Further, they should be tested on a regular basis for assuring that they have been in a good working order. Apart from all these, at Singapore, which is rainy, smaller steps are needed to avert the results of climate change. The coastal road at Changi could be raised. This would help such that the rising sea never puts an impact on the nearby airports. Further, the extent of damages to the trains and equipment is needed to be found out. A small excuse lies here that it could not be done on the weekday plans (Ramli et al. 2014). However, if proper steps are not undertaken, this might turn out to be just a matter of time before it becomes a reality. Lastly, the thing that is highly necessary is that as the packed trains get stuck in the tunnel with the arising water level, the fire sparked by the short circuit induced by moisture is needed to be produced (Rahman 2013). Conclusion: The SMRT trains have undertaken immediate measures for ensuring the stricter enforcement of the processes, strengthening the system ownership and controlling around levels and working teams. The tightened supervision of the teams has been preventing the recurrence. The report has been all about comprehensive reviewing every measure of compliance, processes and structures. The report has helped in understanding the significance of the service quality management in the transportations publicly. It has outlined the primary practices needed to maintain the service quality management by the quality procedures. References: Agarwal, S., Diao, M., Keppo, J. and Sing, T.F., 2017. Public Transit Riders Preferences: Evidence from Smart Card Transactions in Singapore. Chang, J.H., Ho, K.C. and Skelton, T., 2014. City Neighbourhood Report: Singapore. Chen, K.W., 2013. The Singapore Mass Rapid Transport: case study of the efficacy of a democratised political humour landscape in a critical engagement in the public sphere. The European Journal of Humour Research, 1(2), pp.43-68. Hua, W. and Ong, G.P., 2017. Network survivability and recoverability in urban rail transit systems under disruption. IET Intelligent Transport Systems. Lim, C. and Mack, V., 2017. Science, Technology and Human Security-Getting Singapore Smart City-ready: MRT Disruptions as a Spur?. Lim, W.S., 2014. Spatial JusticeA Singapore Case Study. In Public Space in Urban Asia (pp. 234-245). Pang, A. and David, C.R., 2017. Reflection of Global Phenomenon: State of Social Media Crisis Preparedness in Singapore. Culture and Crisis Communication: Transboundary Cases from Nonwestern Perspectives, p.209. Pang, A., 2013. Derailed: Communicating Singapores mass transit crises. Media Asia, 40(2), pp.124-127. Rahman, K.A., 2013. Crisis miscommunication and media persecution: the case of the Singapore Mass Rapid Transit. Media Asia, 40(3), pp.244-259. Ramli, M.A., Monterola, C.P., Khoon, G.L.K. and Guang, T.H.G., 2014. A method to ascertain rapid transit systems throughput distribution using network analysis. Procedia Computer Science, 29, pp.1621-1630. Tan, K.P., 2015. Singapore in 2014. Asian Survey, 55(1), pp.157-164. Wan, S., Koh, R., Ong, A. and Pang, A., 2015. Parody social media accounts: Influence and impact on organizations during crisis. Public Relations Review, 41(3), pp.381-385.